Board of Certification for the Athletic Trainer (BOC) Practice Test

What are the most common factors associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction?

1. Grinding teeth

2. Jaw clicking

3. Arthritic condition

4. Poor approximation of the teeth

The correct answer is: Arthritic condition

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction can arise from a variety of factors, and understanding them is crucial for diagnosis and management. Among these factors, an arthritic condition is particularly significant as it can lead to inflammation and deterioration of the joint structures. Arthritis can manifest through symptoms such as pain, reduced mobility, and changes in the joint mechanics, contributing to the development of TMJ dysfunction. While grinding teeth, jaw clicking, and poor approximation of the teeth are also associated with TMJ dysfunction, they often result from or are exacerbated by underlying conditions, including arthritis. For instance, grinding teeth (bruxism) can lead to wear and tear on the joint and might be a symptom of joint dysfunction rather than a primary cause. Similarly, jaw clicking can indicate an issue with the joint mechanics but does not itself represent a foundational factor for TMJ dysfunction like arthritis does. Poor approximation of the teeth often relates to dental occlusion, which can contribute to TMJ issues but is not as fundamentally linked to the joint's dysfunction as an arthritic condition. Thus, considering the direct impact on the joint structure and function, arthritis stands out as a primary factor associated with TMJ dysfunction.