Board of Certification for the Athletic Trainer (BOC) Practice Test

What is the recommended immediate response for managing heat exhaustion in an athlete?

1. Continuing the activity and hydrating

2. Cooling the athlete and providing fluids

3. Massaging the athlete’s legs

4. Cooling with ice packs only

The correct answer is: Cooling the athlete and providing fluids

The recommended immediate response for managing heat exhaustion in an athlete includes cooling the athlete and providing fluids. This approach is crucial because heat exhaustion can lead to serious complications if not addressed promptly. When an athlete experiences heat exhaustion, their body is unable to regulate temperature effectively. Therefore, the priority is to lower the body temperature and restore hydration. Cooling measures can include moving the athlete to a shaded or air-conditioned area, removing excess clothing, and using fans or cool towels. Hydration is equally important because heat exhaustion often occurs alongside significant fluid loss through sweating. Providing fluids, preferably an electrolyte-containing beverage, helps to replace lost fluids and restore electrolyte balance, which is vital for recovery and maintaining proper physiological function. This comprehensive response helps to prevent the progression of heat exhaustion to heat stroke, a more severe condition that can have life-threatening consequences. The other options either fail to address the immediate needs of the athlete or could exacerbate the situation. Therefore, cooling the athlete and providing fluids is the most effective management strategy.